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Following decades of very fast population growth, there is often concern that population growth is out-of-control: that an end to growth is not in sight.

But we know this is not the case: population growth is slowing and will come to an end. How do we know? The moment in demographic history when the number of children in the world stops increasing is not far away. It is the moment that Hans Rosling famously called ‘peak child’ and it is pre-emptive of the moment in history when the population stops increasing.

Most of the countries of the world are now democracies. The slow increase in the number of democracies in the last two centuries was marked by the First and Second World Wars.

A democracy is a political system with institutions that allow citizens to express their political preferences, has constraints on the power of the executive, and provides a guarantee of civil liberties.

Today in the world many countries are presenting the trend that parents spend more time with their children than they used to, partly to changes in social conventions and economic progress, and decreased working hours. It is important to mention that parent-child interactions are important for child development, the next generation of the world.

Although there are large differences between countries, and also large inequalities between different population groups within each country in general trends tend to go in the same direction.

To date, this study presents us with the trend in social responsibility that our future generations will exercise that will be in charge (infants of 10 years) to those who are in charge of our worldwide development (adults 55 years).