Affordable And Clean Energy - The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7

The UN explains: "Energy is central to nearly every major challenge and opportunity the world faces today. Be it for jobs, security, climate change, food production, or increasing incomes, access to energy for all is essential.

Transitioning the global economy towards clean and sustainable sources of energy is one of our greatest challenges in the coming decades. Sustainable energy is an opportunity – it transforms lives, economies, and the planet."


The UN has defined 5 Targets and 6 Indicators for SDG 7. Targets specify the goals and Indicators represent the metrics by which the world aims to track whether these Targets are achieved. Below we quote the original text of all Targets and show the data on the agreed Indicators.

How is the world doing on this goal?

Posted  updated 9 months ago

Target 7.1: Universal access to modern energy

UN definition: "By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services."

Access to electricity - SDG Indicator 7.1.1

Definition: Indicator 7.1.1 is the "proportion of the population with access to electricity".



This is measured as the share of people with electricity access at the household level. It comprises electricity sold commercially, both on-grid and off-grid.

Goal: "By 2030 ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services".

This requires universal access to electricity by 2030.

Access to clean fuels for cooking - SDG Indicator 7.1.2

Definition: Indicator 7.1.2 is the "proportion of the population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology".



This is measured as the share of the total population with access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking. Access to clean fuels or technologies such as clean cookstoves reduces exposure to indoor air pollutants, a leading cause of death in low-income households.

Goal: "By 2030 ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services".

This requires universal access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking by 2030.

Target 7.2: Increase global percentage of renewable energy

UN definition: "By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix."

Renewable energy - SDG Indicator 7.2.1

Definition: Indicator 7.2.1 is "renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption".



This is measured as renewable energy (inclusive of solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, bioenergy, and marine sources) as a share of final (not primary) energy consumption. Energy mix includes electricity, transportation, and cooking/heating fuels.

Goal: "By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix".

Target 7.3: Double the improvement in energy efficiency

UN definition: "By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency."


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